{"id":59,"date":"2012-09-19T21:37:24","date_gmt":"2012-09-19T21:37:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/sharifyar1.com\/translate\/?page_id=59"},"modified":"2025-10-14T20:29:30","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T20:29:30","slug":"basics-translate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/basics-translate\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"59\" class=\"elementor elementor-59\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-34507650 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34507650\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f3a473b\" data-id=\"4f3a473b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a6dcfc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a6dcfc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"content_txt_tbl\"><div id=\"content_txt_head\"><div class=\"response-container-header ng-tns-c4029313283-103\"><div class=\"response-container-header-controls ng-tns-c4029313283-103\"><div class=\"multi-response-container ng-tns-c4029313283-103 tts ng-trigger ng-trigger-responsePreviewsEnter ng-star-inserted\"><div id=\"cdk-accordion-child-7\" class=\"mat-expansion-panel-content ng-tns-c1919092307-107 ng-trigger ng-trigger-bodyExpansion\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"mat-expansion-panel-header-7\"><div class=\"mat-expansion-panel-body ng-tns-c1919092307-107\"><div class=\"panel-container\"><div id=\"draft-preview-aria-label-0\" class=\"draft-preview-aria-label\"><h2 data-sourcepos=\"1:1-1:63\">\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647: \u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647<\/h2><p data-sourcepos=\"3:1-3:308\">\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a: \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. <strong>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"5:1-5:68\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"7:1-7:21\"><strong>1. \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-sourcepos=\"9:1-12:0\"><li data-sourcepos=\"9:1-9:105\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li><li data-sourcepos=\"10:1-10:125\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li data-sourcepos=\"11:1-12:0\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><p data-sourcepos=\"13:1-13:23\"><strong>2. \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-sourcepos=\"15:1-18:0\"><li data-sourcepos=\"15:1-15:116\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li data-sourcepos=\"16:1-16:114\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li data-sourcepos=\"17:1-18:0\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><p data-sourcepos=\"19:1-19:18\"><strong>3. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"21:1-21:172\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"23:1-23:21\"><strong>4. \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"25:1-25:159\">\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"27:1-27:17\"><strong>5. \u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"29:1-29:117\">\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"31:1-31:22\"><strong>6. \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"33:1-33:119\">\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"35:1-35:19\"><strong>7. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"37:1-37:129\">\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"39:1-39:17\"><strong>8. \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645:<\/strong><\/p><p data-sourcepos=\"41:1-41:155\">\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648 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https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/01\/\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/01\/\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647.jpg 850w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><p class=\"just\">\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06af \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"just\">\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<br \/>1\u0640 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u064a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0643\u0646\u062f:<br \/>An Interpretation of verbal signs by means of the signs another verbal system.<br 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https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/01\/\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/01\/\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spublishers.com\/translate\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/01\/\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647-1.jpg 850w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p><\/div><h3>\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647&#8221;<\/h3><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f1. 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\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647:<\/strong> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647:<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 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\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f5. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f:<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639:<\/strong> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li><li><strong>\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/strong> \u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f6. \u0686\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628:<\/strong> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f7. \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642:<\/strong> \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f8. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647:<\/strong> \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f &#8220;Theories of Translation&#8221; \u0648 &#8220;Translation Studies&#8221; \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Coursera \u06cc\u0627 Udemy \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f9. \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><br \/>\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/strong> \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/strong> (\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06cc \u0648 &#8230;) \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><hr \/><h4><strong>\u06f1\u06f0. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e:<\/strong><br \/>\u0628\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0648 \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p><hr \/><h3>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/h3><p>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0632 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-right kksr-valign-bottom kksr-disabled\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;59&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (1 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (1 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647: \u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a: \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc 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